Hurumende yaBiden iri kuuya yakati ichashanda pamwe chete nekurima kweUS kurwisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze. Kune Iowa, ichi chinhu chinoshamisa: mafuta akawanda ari kupiswa pari zvino kugadzira chikafu chezvipfuyo uye ethanol, inova ndiyo chibereko chikuru chekurima minda mudunhu iri. Nerombo rakanaka, chirongwa chaBiden chave kungori chiito izvozvi. Izvi zvinotipa nguva yekufunga nezvekuti tingagadzirisa sei mamiriro ekunze nenzira inobatsira zvisikwa nevamwe vagari vemo.
Kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji kunogona kukurumidza kubvumira simba rinogona kushandiswazve (mhepo nezuva) kuti rifambe nemafuta epasi kuti riwane simba remagetsi rinoshanda. Pamwe chete nekubuda kwemotokari dzemagetsi, izvi zvichaderedza kudiwa kweethanol, iyo inoda zvinopfuura hafu yechibage cheIowa uye chikamu chimwe muzvishanu chevhu. Vanhu vanoziva kuti ethanol yagara iripo muzuva ranhasi. Kunyangwe ikozvino Monte Shaw, mukuru weIowa Renewable Fuel Association, akajekesa kare muna 2005 kuti ethanol yezviyo ingori "bhiriji" kana mafuta ekuchinja uye haizombovipo nekusingaperi. Nekukundikana kwe ethanol ye cellulosic kuri kuitika, inguva yekuita chimwe chinhu. Zvinosuwisa kuti, kune nharaunda muIowa, indasitiri haisati yambosaina fomu rekuti "usadzoke".
Fungidzira kuti matunhu makumi maviri muIowa ane nzvimbo inodarika 11,000 square miles uye anogadzira magetsi anodzokororwa pasina kukanganiswa kwevhu, kusvibiswa kwemvura, kurasikirwa nemishonga inouraya zvipembenene, kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo dzekugara, uye kugadzirwa kwegasi rinopisa pasi nekuda kwekudyara chibage. Kuvandudzwa kukuru uku kuri mumaoko edu. Yeuka kuti ivhu rinoshandiswa nemhepo nesimba rezuva rinogona kuzadzisa zvimwe zvinangwa zvakakosha zvezvakatipoteredza panguva imwe chete, zvakaita sekudzoreredza nzvimbo dzehuswa hurefu, izvo zvichapa pekugara kune mhuka dzemuno, kusanganisira mapururufuru emonarch, ayo akawanikwa munguva pfupi yapfuura muUnited States. Mabasa ehove nemhuka dzesango akakodzera kune mhuka dziri munjodzi. Midzi yakadzika yemiti yehuswa inogara kwenguva refu inosunga ivhu redu, inobata uye inovhara magasi anopisa pasi, uye inodzosa zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana munzvimbo iripo parizvino ine marudzi maviri chete, chibage nesoya. Panguva imwe chete, kufamba kwenyika yeIowa uye kutsenga kabhoni zviri mukati mesimba redu: kugadzira simba rinoshanda uku tichideredza kupisa kwenyika.
Kuti tizadzise chiono ichi, sei tisingatangi tatarisa zvinopfuura 50% yeminda yekurima yeIowa ine vanhu vasiri vekurima? Pamwe vanoisa mari havana basa nekuti ivhu rinowana mari sei - dhora remagetsi rinoshandiswa zviri nyore muWest Des Moines, Bettendorf, Minneapolis kana Phoenix, uye apa ndipo panogara varidzi vedu vazhinji veminda, Uye dhora rimwe chete rinobva pakudyara nekudhirowa chibage.
Kunyangwe ruzivo rwemutemo rwungave rwakanakisisa kusiyiwa kune vamwe kuti vashandise, tinogona kufungidzira kuti kuderedzwa kwemitero kana mitero mitsva kuchasimudzira shanduko iyi. Mundima iyi, minda yechibage inoshandiswa nematurbine emhepo kana nzvimbo dzakavakwazve dzakatenderedza solar panels. tsiva. Ehe, mutero wepfuma unobatsira kuchengetedza mataundi edu madiki nezvikoro zvavo, asi ivhu rinorimwa muIowa harichabhadhariswi mutero wakawanda uye rinobatsirwa nemutemo wemitero yenhaka wakanaka. Kurenda ivhu nemakambani emagetsi kunogona kana kunogona kuita kuti vakwikwidzane nerendi yekurima zvirimwa mumunda, uye matanho anogona kutorwa kuchengetedza mataundi edu ekumaruwa. Uye musakanganwa kuti kare, ivhu reIowa muchimiro cherubatsiro rwakasiyana-siyana rwemapurazi rave richideredza mitero yehurumende: kubvira 1995, Iowa yave iri pamadhora angangoita $1,200 paeka, inosvika mabhiriyoni makumi matatu nemashanu. Dhora. Ichi ndicho chinhu chakanakisa chingaitwe nenyika yedu here? Tinofunga kuti hachisi.
Ehe, tinogona kufungidzira kuti maindasitiri ekurima anoramba zvakanyanya shanduko iyi mukushandiswa kwevhu. Pamusoro pezvose, ivhu rinoshandiswa kugadzira magetsi haridi mbeu dzakawandisa, mafuta, michina, makemikari, fetereza kana inishuwarenzi. Vangachema kwatiri. Kana gungwa. Zvinosuwisa kuvanhu vekuIowa, havana hanya nechero wavo kusvika pari zvino. Tarisa zvakanyanya basa ravakaita kumaruwa eIowa mumakore makumi mashanu apfuura. Ichi ndicho chinhu chakanakisa chingaitwa neindasitiri yakasimba, yakabatana nezvematongerwo enyika kuguta diki muIowa here? Tinofunga kuti hazvisi izvo.
Simba rinodzokororwa rinogona kuita kuti nzvimbo dzekumaruwa dzeIowa dzive nechitarisiko chitsva chose: kunatsiridza basa, kunatsiridza mhepo, kunatsiridza manyuko emvura, uye kunatsiridza mamiriro ekunze. Uye mambo.
Erin Irish ipurofesa wezvebhayoloji paYunivhesiti yeIowa uye nhengo yebhodhi remazano reLeopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture. Chris Jones iinjiniya wekutsvagisa muIIHR-Water Science and Engineering School paYunivhesiti yeIowa.