Chinyorwa chino chakaongororwa zvichienderana nemaitiro eScience X ekunyora uye mitemo. Vanyori vakasimbisa zvinhu zvinotevera uku vachiona kuti zvirimo ndezvechokwadi:
Rutivi rwekunze runonamira rwefungi nemabhakitiriya, runonzi "extracellular matrix" kana kuti ECM, rune kuenderana kwejelly uye runoshanda serutivi rwekudzivirira negoko. Asi zvichienderana neongororo yakabudiswa munguva pfupi yapfuura mumagazini ye iScience, yakaitwa neYunivhesiti yeMassachusetts Amherst pamwe chete neWorcester Polytechnic Institute, ECM yemamwe mabhakitiriya inoumba gel chete kana paine oxalic acid kana mamwe maasidhi ari nyore. googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1449240174198-2′); });
Nekuti ECM ine basa rakakosha mune zvese kubva pakusagona kurwisa mabhakitiriya kusvika pamapombi akavharika uye kusvibiswa kwemidziyo yekurapa, kunzwisisa kuti tupukanana tunoshandisa sei gel layers dzatwo kune zvakunoreva muhupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva.
"Ndagara ndichifarira maECM ehutachiona," akadaro Barry Goodell, purofesa we microbiology paYunivhesiti yeMassachusetts Amherst uye munyori mukuru wepepa iri. "Vanhu vanowanzo funga nezveECM sechinhu chinodzivirira chekunze chisingapindi chinodzivirira hutachiona. Asi chinogonawo kushanda senzira inobvumira zvinovaka muviri nema enzymes kufamba nekupinda nekubuda mumasero ehutachiona."
Kupenda uku kunoita mabasa akati wandei: kunamira kwaro kunoreva kuti tupukanana twunogona kuungana pamwe chete kuti tigadzire koloni kana kuti "biofilms", uye kana tupukanana twakawanda tukaita izvi, tunogona kuvhara mapaipi kana kusvibisa michina yekurapa.
Asi goko rinofanirawo kunyorova. Mabhakitiriya mazhinji anoburitsa ma enzyme akasiyana-siyana nemamwe ma metabolites kuburikidza neECM muzvinhu zvavanoda kudya kana kutapukira (zvakadai sehuni dzinoora kana kuti mapfupa ane vertebrate), uye ipapo, kana ma enzyme apedza basa ravo rekugaya, anofambisa zvinovaka muviri kuburikidza neECM. Musanganiswa wacho unodzoserwa mumuviri.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti ECM haisi kungodzivirira chete; Kutaura zvazviri, sezvakaratidzwa naGoodell nevamwe vake, tupukanana tunoita setune simba rekudzora kunamira kweECM yavo uye nekudaro kupinda kwayo mukati. Vanozviita sei? Mufananidzo wakapihwa naB. Goodell
Muhowa, kuburitswa kwacho kunoratidzika kunge kuri oxalic acid, iyo inowanikwa muzvirimwa zvakawanda. Sezvakawanikwa naGoodell nevamwe vake, tupukanana twakawanda tunoita setunoshandisa oxalic acid yatinoburitsa kuti tibatane nekunze kwemacarbohydrate, zvichiita kuti pave neECM inonamira, yakaita segel.
Asi chikwata ichi pachakanyatsoongorora, chakaona kuti oxalic acid haina kungobatsira kugadzira ECM chete, asiwo "yakaidzora": kana mabhakitiriya akawanda akawedzerwa oxalic acid mumusanganiswa wecarbohydrate-acid, ECM inowedzera kusimba. Kana ECM ikawedzera kusimba, ndipo painovhara mamorekuru makuru kuti asapinde kana kubuda muhutachiona, nepo mamorekuru madiki achiramba akasununguka kupinda muhutachiona kubva munzvimbo yakapoteredza uye zvinopesana.
Kuwanikwa uku kunonetsa kunzwisisa kwesainzi kwechinyakare kwekuti mhando dzakasiyana dzemakemikari anoburitswa nefungus nemabhakitiriya anopinda sei kubva kuhutachiona uhu kuenda kunharaunda. Goodell nevamwe vake vakataura kuti mune dzimwe nguva hutachiona hunogona kunge huchinyanya kuvimba nekuburitswa kwemamorekuru madiki kuti hurwise matrix kana tishu iyo hutachiona hunovimba nayo kuti hurarame kana kuti hutapukirwe.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti kuburitswa kwemamorekuru madiki kunogonawo kuita basa guru mukukura kwezvirwere kana ma enzymes makuru asingakwanise kupfuura nemu microbial extracellular matrix.
"Zvinoita sekuti pane nzvimbo yepakati," akadaro Goodell, "uko tupukanana tunogona kudzora huwandu hweacidity kuti tienderane nenzvimbo yakati, tichichengetedza mamwe mamorekuru makuru, akadai sema enzymes, ukuwo tichibvumira mamorekuru madiki kuti apfuure neECM zviri nyore."
Kuchinja kweECM ne oxalic acid kungave nzira yekuti tupukanana tuzvidzivirire kubva kumishonga inorwisa utachiona nemishonga inorwisa utachiona, sezvo mishonga iyi yakawanda yakaumbwa nemamorekuru makuru kwazvo. Kugona uku kugadzirisa zvinhu ndiko kunogona kuva kiyi yekukunda chimwe chezvipingamupinyi zvikuru mukurapa nemishonga inorwisa utachiona, sezvo kushandisa ECM kuti ipinde mumvura kunogona kuvandudza kushanda kwemishonga inorwisa utachiona nemishonga inorwisa utachiona.
"Kana tikakwanisa kudzora kugadzirwa kwemakemikari uye kuburitswa kwemaasidhi madiki akadai seoxalate mune mamwe mabhakitiriya, tinogonawo kudzora zvinopinda mumabhakitiriya, izvo zvinogona kutibvumira kurapa zvirwere zvakawanda zvemabhakitiriya zviri nani," akadaro Goodell.
Rumwe ruzivo: Gabriel Perez-Gonzalez et al., Kudyidzana kwe oxalates ne beta-glucan: zvinorehwa nefungus extracellular matrix uye metabolite transport, iScience (2023). DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106851
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