Rayna Singhvi Jain ane allergy kune nyuchi. Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mugumbo rake kwakamutadzisa kushanda kwemavhiki akati wandei.
Asi izvozvo hazvina kumisa muzvinabhizinesi ane makore makumi maviri ekuberekwa pabasa rake rekuponesa mhuka idzi dzinokosha, dzine huwandu hwadzo hwave huchidzikira kwemakumi emakore.
Zvinenge 75 muzana yezvirimwa zvepasi rose zvinotsamira, kunyanya muchikamu, pazvinokura zvirimwa zvakaita senyuchi. Kuparara kwazvo kunogona kukanganisa zvikuru nharaunda yedu yese. "Tiri pano nhasi nekuda kwenyuchi," akadaro Jane. "Ndidzo musimboti wehurongwa hwedu hwekurima, zvirimwa zvedu. Nekuda kwavo tine chikafu."
Jane, mwanasikana wevanhu vanobva kuIndia vakatamira kuConnecticut, anoti vabereki vake vakamudzidzisa kukoshesa hupenyu, zvisinei nekuti hudiki sei. Akati kana paine svosve mumba, vachamuudza kuti aribudise panze kuti rirarame.
Saka Jane paakashanyira nzvimbo iyi muna 2018 ndokuona murwi wenyuchi dzakafa, akava nechido chekuziva zvaiitika. Zvaakawana zvakamushamisa.
"Kuderera kwehuchi kunokonzerwa nezvinhu zvitatu: tupukanana, mishonga yezvipembenene uye kudya kusina kunaka," akadaro Samuel Ramsey, purofesa wezvezvipembenene paInstitute of Biological Frontiers paYunivhesiti yeColorado Boulder.
PamaP matatu aya, chinonyanya kukonzera tupukanana itupukanana, anodaro Ramsey, kunyanya rudzi rwetupukanana tunonzi Varroa. Rwakatanga kuwanikwa muUnited States muna 1987 uye ikozvino runogona kuwanikwa munenge mukoko wese munyika yese.
Ramsey muongororo yake akaona kuti zvikwekwe izvi zvinodya chiropa chenyuchi, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kubatwa nezvimwe zvikwekwe, zvichikanganisa masoja emuviri wavo uye kugona kwavo kuchengetedza zvinovaka muviri. Zvikwekwe izvi zvinogonawo kuparadzira mavhairasi anouraya, kukanganisa kubhururuka, uye pakupedzisira kukonzera kufa kwemapoka ese emhuka.
Akurudzirwa nemudzidzisi wake wesainzi wechikoro chesekondari, Jain akatanga kutsvaga nzira dzekubvisa hutachiona hwevarroa mite mugore rake rechipiri. Mushure mekuedza kakawanda, akagadzira HiveGuard, notch yakadhindwa mu3D yakafukidzwa nemushonga wezvipembenene wemiti usina chepfu unonzi thymol.
"Nyuchi painopfuura nemusuwo, thymol inokwizwa mumuviri wenyuchi uye huwandu hwekupedzisira hunouraya varroa mite asi hunosiya nyuchi isina kukuvara," akadaro Jane.
Vachengeti venyuchi vanosvika zviuru zviviri vanga vachiyedza mudziyo uyu kubvira munaKurume 2021, uye Jane anoronga kuuburitsa zviri pamutemo gare gare gore rino. Ruzivo rwaakaunganidza kusvika parizvino runoratidza kudzikira kwe70% kwehutachiona hwevarroa mite mushure memavhiki matatu mushure mekuiswa pasina migumisiro yakataurwa.
Thymol nemimwe mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene yakaita seoxalic acid, formic acid, uye hops inoiswa mukati memukoko muzvidimbu kana matireyi panguva yekugadziriswa kuri kuitwa. Kunewo zvinhu zvekugadzira, izvo zvinowanzo shanda asi zvinokuvadza nharaunda zvakanyanya, anodaro Ramsey. Anotenda Jane nehunyanzvi hwake mukugadzira chishandiso chinowedzera kukuvara kwezvipembenene ukuwo chichidzivirira nyuchi nenzvimbo kubva pamigumisiro yakaipa.
Nyuchi dzeuchi dziri pakati pedzinokura zvirimwa zvine hunyanzi hwepamusoro pasi rose. Rubatsiro rwadzo runodiwa pamhando dzinopfuura 130 dzemichero, miriwo nenzungu, kusanganisira maarumondi, cranberries, zucchini nemaavocado. Saka nguva inotevera paunoruma apuro kana kunwa kofi, zvese izvi zvinokonzerwa nenyuchi, anodaro Jane.
Chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chezvekudya zvatinodya chiri panjodzi sezvo dambudziko remamiriro ekunze riri kutyisidzira hupenyu hwemashavishavi nenyuchi.
USDA inofungidzira kuti muUnited States chete, nyuchi dzinoburitsa mukume wezvirimwa zvinokosha mabhiriyoni gumi nemashanu emadhora gore rega rega. Zvizhinji zvezvirimwa izvi zvinoburitswa mukume wezvirimwa nemabasa enyuchi anotungamirwa anoitwa munyika yese. Sezvo zvichiwedzera kudhura kuchengetedza huwandu hwenyuchi, mabasa aya anovawo anodhura zvakanyanya, Ramsey akadaro, zvichikanganisa mitengo yevatengi zvisina kunanga.
Asi sangano reFood and Agriculture Organization reUnited Nations rinoyambira kuti kana huwandu hwenyuchi hukaramba huchiderera, mhedzisiro yakaipa zvikuru ichave njodzi huru kumhando yezvekudya uye kuchengetedzeka.
HiveGuard ingori imwe yenzira dzinoshandiswa naJane nepfungwa dzemabhizinesi kutsigira nyuchi. Muna 2020, akatanga kambani yekuwedzera hutano yeQueen Bee, iyo inotengesa zvinwiwa zvine hutano zvine zvigadzirwa zvenyuchi zvakaita seuchi neroyal jelly. Bhodhoro rega rega rinotengeswa rinodyarwa muti wemupfudze kuburikidza neTree for the Future, sangano risiri repurofiti rinoshanda nemhuri dzevarimi muSouth Africa.
"Tariro yangu huru yezvakatipoteredza ndeyekudzoreredza kuenzana uye kurarama zvinoenderana nezvisikwa," akadaro Jane.
Anotenda kuti zvinokwanisika, asi zvinoda kufunga neboka. "Vanhu vanogona kudzidza zvakawanda kubva kunyuchi senzira yekubatsira vanhu," akawedzera.
"Kuti vaigona sei kushanda pamwe chete, kuti vaigona sei kupa simba uye kuti vaigona sei kuzvipira kuti koloni ifambire mberi."
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