Chalmers University of Technology muSweden inoshuma nzira itsva yekudzorerazve mabhatiri emotokari dzemagetsi. Maitiro aya haadi makemikari anodhura kana ane njodzi nekuti vaongorori vakashandisa oxalic acid, organic acid inowanikwa muhushe hwezvirimwa.
Yunivhesiti inoti maitiro aya anogona kudzosa 100% yearuminiyamu ne98% ye lithium kubva kumabhatiri emotokari dzemagetsi. Izvi zvinoderedzawo kurasikirwa kwezvinhu zvakakosha zvakaita se nickel, cobalt uye manganese.
PaChalmers University's Battery Recycling Laboratory, timu yakaedza kugadzirisa zvinhu zvitema, musanganiswa weupfu hwezvinhu zvakakosha zvinoshanda mumabhatiri, mu oxalic acid. Zvikuru, taitaura nezvebhatiri remotokari yemagetsi yeVolvo. Chinyorwa chinotsanangura maitiro acho se "kubika kofi." Kutaura zvazviri, zvese zvakaoma zvikuru, sezvo kuti maitiro e oxalic acid abudise mhedzisiro yaunoda, zvakakosha kusarudza tembiricha, huwandu uye nguva. Nenzira, oxalic acid inowanikwa mumiti yakaita serhubarb nesipinachi.
"Kusvika pari zvino, hapana akakwanisa kuwana mamiriro akakodzera ekuparadzanisa huwandu hwakawanda hwe lithium uchishandisa oxalic acid nekubvisa aruminiyamu yese. Nekuti mabhatiri ese ane aruminiyamu, tinofanira kukwanisa kuibvisa tisingarasikirwe nedzimwe simbi," anodaro Leah Rouquette, mudzidzi wepayunivhesiti mudhipatimendi iri.
Mumaitiro ari kushandiswa pari zvino e hydrometallurgical, zvinhu zve ferrous zvinonyungudutswa mu inorganic acids. "Kusachena" kwakadai se aruminiyamu ne mhangura kunobviswa uye zvinhu zvinoshanda zvakaita se cobalt, nickel, manganese uye lithium zvinotorwa, zvichiteerana.
Zvisinei, vaongorori vekuSweden vanoti kunyange huwandu hushoma hwearuminiyamu nemhangura hwasara hunoda matanho akawanda ekuchenesa, uye danho rega rega mukuita izvi rinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa nelithium. Vachishandisa nzira itsva, vaongorori vakachinja kurongeka uye vakaderedza lithium nearuminiyamu kutanga. Izvi zvinovabvumira kuderedza kutambisa simbi dzinokosha dzinodiwa kugadzira mabhatiri matsva.
Danho rinotevera rinogonawo kufananidzwa nekubika kofi: nepo aruminiyamu nelithium zviri mumvura, simbi dzasara dzinoramba dziri "dzakasimba". Danho rinotevera mukuita uku nderekuparadzanisa aruminiyamu nelithium. "Nekuti simbi idzi dzine hunhu hwakasiyana kwazvo, hatifungi kuti zvichave zvakaoma kudziparadzanisa. Nzira yedu inzira itsva inovimbisa yekudzokorodza mabhatiri iyo inofanirwa kuongororwa zvakanyanya," akadaro Rouquette.
"Tinoda dzimwe nzira dzekushandisa makemikari asina kugadzirwa. Chimwe chezvipingamupinyi zvikuru mumabasa emazuva ano kubvisa zvinhu zvakasara zvakaita searuminiyamu. Iyi inzira itsva inogona kupa dzimwe nzira itsva dzekushandisa indasitiri yekutarisira marara uye kubatsira kugadzirisa matambudziko ari kudzosera shure kukura," akadaro purofesa wedhipatimendi. Martina Petranikova Zvisinei, akawedzera kuti nzira iyi inoda tsvakiridzo yakawedzerwa: "Sezvo nzira iyi ichigona kuwedzerwa, tinotarisira kuti inogona kushandiswa mumaindasitiri mumakore anotevera."
Kubva mugore ra2011, tanga tichinyora nezvekugadzirwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi nechido chevatori venhau nehunyanzvi. Sevenhau vanotungamira muindasitiri iyi, tinopa nhau dzemhando yepamusoro uye dzakakwana dzezviitiko, tichishanda senzvimbo huru yekukura nekukurumidza kwetekinoroji iyi. Inosanganisira nhau, ruzivo rwekare, mishumo yekutyaira, kubvunzurudzwa, mavhidhiyo neruzivo rwekushambadzira.